The speed control applications of a dc motor varies depending on how the motor is used, and how its mechanical power is utilized. Speed control of separately excited dc motor speed of this type of dc shunt motor is controlled by the following methods. Speed control for shunt motor and separately excited dc motor. Speed control methods of dc motor speed control of shunt motor 1. Speed control of a dc motor is either done manually by the operator or by means of an automatic control device. As resistance increased, the value of the field current will reduce.
Dec 29, 2017 page 1 speed control of shunt dc motor characteristics of dc shunt motors page 2 speed control of shunt dc motor characteristics of dc shunt motors speed control of shunt dc motor effect of armature motors resistance speed control on a shunt motors torquespeed only used in applications in which. Chopper is a device that gives variable dc output from applied fixed dc input. Speed adjustment of this type of motor is achieved from the following methods. It is based on the fact that by varying the flux f, the motor speed n 1f can be changed and hence the name flux control method. Regenerative breaking of dc shunt motor high inertia loads like electric trains, hoists and cranes are used to control the downward speed while lowering the loads. The duty cycle is defined as the percentage of digital high to digital low plus digital high pulsewidth during a pwm period. A more efficient way to proceed is by using pulse width modulation technique to control the speed of our dc motor. The flux of a dc motor can be changed by changing ish with help of a shunt field. What are the methods for controlling the speed of a dc shunt motor. Pulsewidth modulation pwm or dutycycle variation methods are commonly used in speed control of dc motors. The field current can be changed by changing the rheostat r connected in series with the field.
But using field and armature rheostat control method we can make it more versatile. Voltage control can be via a mosfet pwm circuit, or for mains powered application, scrs. Dc shunt motor speed control and analysis using ziegler. The circuit of a simple speed controller for a mini dc motor, such as that used in tape recorders and toys, is shown in fig. By decreasing the flux, the speed can be increased and vice versa. Lesson 12 shunt connected dc motors engineering siu ppt. By this method a dc shunt motors speed is controlled through a field rheostat. Speed control of dc motorseriesshunt ppt video online download. Dc motor speed control using chopper engineersgarage. Dc shunt motor speed control and analysis using ziegler nichols algorithm with pid controller yogesh sharma l,a shis patra 2 1, 2 electrical engineering department, m. E b vi a r a here, eb back emf, in volts ia armature current, in amps ra armature resistance, in ohms v terminal voltage, in volts. What are the best ways to control the speed of dc motor. Though there are separate branches for the flow of armature current and field current.
Such a fine speed control is generally not possible with ac motors. The different methods of speed control in dc shunt motors are 1. By means of this method, the motor can be worked at any speed up to its maximum speed. Speed control of dc shunt motor with field and armature rheostat control 79 2. Speed control of dc motor speed control means intentional change of the drive speed to a value required foe performing the specific work process. What are the methods for controlling the speed of a dc. The principle of starting a shunt motor will be seen from figure 4 which shows the faceplatetype starter, the starting resistance being in. Speed control of dc motor using pulse width modulation submitted by shakti mohan patnaik063261 abinash padhi063273 ritesh kumar lenka063262 eie, 7th sem under guidance of mr. Shunt motor is a special type of dc motor which runs at a constant speed. One of the popular methods of speed control of dc motor is using chopper. As a result, the dc shunt motor is capable of maintaining a constant speed irrespective of load changes. Therefore the voltage drops i a r a will be negligible as compared to the external supply voltage v.
Therefore speed of the 3 types of dc motors shunt, series and compound can be controlled by changing the quantities on the righthand. Because of this feature, this motor is used for automotive and industrial purposes where fine precision of the motor speed is required. Speed control methods of dc shunt as well as dc series motor are. Speed control methods of dc shunt motor my tech info. Different types of speed control of dc series and shunt motors.
Jul 11, 2019 a dc shunt motor also known as a shunt wound dc motor is a type of selfexcited dc motor where the field windings are shunted to or are connected in parallel to the armature winding of the motor. The principal advantage of a dc motor is that its speed can be changed over a wide range by a variety of simple methods. K e b o where, kconstant this shows the speed of a dc motor is directly proportional to the back emf and inversely proportional to the flux per pole. In general, the field gets constant voltage, and the armature gets variable voltage to control the speed. Speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique project. Electric braking of dc motors your electrical guide. Speed control of dc motor shunt type aim a to study the speed control of dc motor below the normal range by armature resistance control and to plot speed vs armature voltage, characteristic. A dc shunt motor also known as a shunt wound dc motor is a type of selfexcited dc motor where the field windings are shunted to or are connected in parallel to the armature winding of the motor. Keep in mind, however, that they cannot produce high starting torque, so the load at startup must be small. The different methods of speed control in dc shunt motors are explained below, flux control method armature control method voltage control. Content speed of a dc motor speed control methods of dc motor speed control of shunt motor speed control of series motor 3. Speed control of dc motor using microprocessors by dr.
What are the applications of speed control of a dc motor. Thyristor scr speed control of a dc shunt motor dspace repository thyristor scr speed control of a dc shunt motor. In fact, fine speed control is one of the reasons for the strong competitive position of dc motors in modern industrial applications. The variable speed drives, which can control the speed of a. In many different applications it is required to control speed of dc motor. Armature resistance control and field flux control the dc motor converts the mechanical power into dc electrical power. The voltage applied to the motor may be reversed by backing the field current of generator through controller fc. One of the most important features of the dc motor is that their speed can easily be control according to the requirement by using simple methods. Since they are connected in parallel, the armature and field windings are exposed to the same supply voltage. The flexible control of dc motor has been donated in the extensive use of dc motor in the era of industry, as the increasing usage of semiconductor power converter units. May 02, 2016 speed control of dc shunt motor by dr.
Automatic speed controller of a dc motor using arduino. Construction and principle of operation of the shunt dc motor. The speed control of dc motor is very sophisticated and specific. The dc shunt motor is 120vdc with rated speed of 1800 revolutions per minute. Speed control of dc shunt motor using microcontroller and android application ramesh g. In fact, fine speed control is one of the reasons for the strong competitive position of d. The simple rheostatic method provides a speed torque characteristic dc shunt motor with little hardness and little stability.
Apr 08, 2018 the second reason is if we want to use any devices like microcontrollers or any other digital equipment for automating our dc motor speed control, then this method cannot be used. Towards to establish speed control, many tested have been taken place. Ppt dc motor 2 powerpoint presentation free to view. This is different to speed regulation where the speed is trying to be maintained or regulated against the natural change in speed due to a change in the load on the shaft. The speed control system is an electromechanical control system. It simply chops fixed dc and generates variable dc. One can control the speed of a dc shunt motor in two ways. Because of their selfregulating speed capabilities, dc shunt motors are ideal for applications where precise speed control is required. Dc motor speed control using pwm method circuit explanation. Speed control methods of a dc motor can be varied by varying flux, armature resistance or applied voltage. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about speed control of a dc shunt motor ppt.
It is mainly the motor applications how the speed control will be utilized and or applied. This can be achieved by changing the field current. Page 1 speed control of shunt dc motor characteristics of dc shunt motors page 2 speed control of shunt dc motor characteristics of dc shunt motors speed control of shunt dc motor effect of armature motor s resistance speed control on a shunt motor s torque speed only used in applications in which. Weakening of field causes increase in speed of the motor while strengthening the field causes decreases the speed. The speed of dc motor has been controlled by controlling the armature voltage by using thyristors. Pdf speed control of dc motor using pwm method ppt vinod. The equation shows that the speed is dependent on the supply voltage v, the circuit resistance ra, and the field flux. On occasion, a field regulator is contained within the field circuit of dc shunt motor for additional speed adjustment. Todays industries are increasingly demanding process automation in all sectors. Speed control of dc motor dc motor speed control youtube. Speed control of dc motor dc motor speed control duration. Different speed control methods for different dc shunt and series methods are there. It can be used in different industrial applications. M1 may be any ac motor or dc motor with constant speed.
Before discussing the speed control of dc shunt motor, we have to find the factors affecting the speed of a dc motor. The armature voltage is controlled by using the different. Speed control of dc shunt motor your electrical guide. The set up for speed control of dc shunt motor using flux control technique is shown in the figure. The electrical system consists of armature and field circuit but for analysis purpose, only field circuit is considered because the armature is excited by a constant voltage. View and download powerpoint presentations on speed control of a dc shunt motor ppt. This paper discusses the speed and torque control of a shunt dc motor through matlab simulink simulations. Draw the circuit model of a shunt motor and label all parts correctly. Nov 28, 2017 the speed control applications of a dc motor varies depending on how the motor is used, and how its mechanical power is utilized. The mechanical system consists of the rotating part of the motor and the load connected to the shaft of the motor. You need to power the field and armature separately. Speed control of shunt dc motor two common ways in which the speed of a shunt dc machine can be controlled. The preceding discussion shows that armature voltage variation gives creeping speeds. In practice variation of the three factors is used for speed control.
Dec 10, 2017 speed control methods of a dc motor can be varied by varying flux, armature resistance or applied voltage. Speed control of dc motors the speed of a dc motor is given by the relationship. Working principle from the above circuit diagram, we can conclude that if we want to increase the speed of the shunt motor, we will vary the field resistance. Speed control of dc motor using pulse wi authorstream. Automation results into better quality, increased production an reduced costs. Speed control of dc motor using semi controlled converter. The arrangement of this system is as shown in the figure at right. Adjusting the field resistance r f and thus the field flux adjusting the terminal voltage applied to the armature. Jul 11, 2019 speed control of a dc motor is either done manually by the operator or by means of an automatic control device. The characteristics of a dc shunt wound motor give it very good speed regulation, and it is classified as a constant speed motor, even though the speed does slightly decrease as load is increased. Speed control of dc motor using semi controlled converter basics of dc motor. The less common method of speed control is by inserting a resistor in series with armature circuit. We know that a dc shunt motor or a separately excited dc motor will behave like a generator if its back emf, e b becomes more than applied voltage, v.
Speed control of dc motor using pulse width modulation, 555. Thus by varying the pulsewidth, we can vary the average voltage across a dc motor and hence its speed. Speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique project report. The principle of starting a shunt motor will be seen from figure 4 which shows the faceplatetype starter, the starting resistance being in between the segments marked 1, 2, 3, etc. Separately excited dc motor electronic components systems. Speed control of dc shunt motor is done by varying the armature resistance externally, by varying the armature emf, by varying the field fluxes. Speed of a dc motor can be controlled by various ways, like flux control. Speed control of dc shunt motor using microcontroller and. Speed control of dc motor using pulsewidth modulation. Below in summary charts torque to duty cycle are presented in the cases scenarios. Speed control of dc shunt motor with field and armature rheostat. Speed control methods of dc motor shunt, series motors. Applications of dc motor dc motor applications everywhere. Lab based analysis of speed control of dc motor by using.
We know that dc shunt motor is a constant speed motor so we use it where we need almost constant speed from no load to full load like in. This system is used where very sensitive speed control of motor is required e. To study the speed control of dc shunt motor by varying. In this post, we will discuss about various speed control methods of dc shunt motor. Speed control of shunt motor flux control method it is seen that speed of the motor is inversely proportional to flux. Flux control method speed is inversely proportional to. Dc shunt motor free download as powerpoint presentation. In this method, a variable resistance known as shunt field rheostat is placed in series with shunt field winding as shown in fig. It is mainly the motor applications how the speed control will be utilized and or applied a robotic application is. Let us first understand how it generates variable dc. Armature resistance control rheostat control speed control of d. Speed of a dc motor we know, back emf of a dc motor eb is the induced emf due to rotation of the armature in magnetic field. Bldc motor speed control with rpm display and pwm this project is used to control the speed of brushless dc motor by using arduino development board with rpm display and pulse width modulation. Speed control of dc motor the speed of a dc motor is given by i flux control.
In fact, fine speed control is one of the reasons for the strong competitive position of dc motors in. Such a fine speed control is generally not possible with a. In order to change the speed, we have to change flux. Ppt dc motor 2 powerpoint presentation free to view id. Speed control of dc motor using pulse wi authorstream presentation.
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